डायबिटीक क्लिनिक डा सत्यजीत साहू MBBS,PGCDM(Diabetes)

डायबिटीक क्लिनिक

 डा सत्यजीत साहू    MBBS,PGCDM(Diabetes) 


 डायबिटीक विशेषज्ञ समय : सुबह 11 से शाम 5 तक
17 गुरुकुल काम्प्लेक्स ,नगर निगम भवन के सामने ,

कालीबाड़ी रायपुर( छ.ग .)

A False Sense of Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia is defined as a blood glucose level below 70mg/dl. But many people find that they feel the symptoms of low blood glucose at levels much higher than expected.  Some patients have come into clinic  reporting getting sweaty, hungry and tachycardic at levels in the mid 130s.

Symptoms of hypoglycemia are individual, but may include extreme hunger, nervousness, excessive perspiration, rapid heartbeat (tachycardia), headache, fatigue, mood changes, blurred vision and difficulty concentration and completing mental tasks. Extremely low glucose levels can lead to disorientation and convulsions.

People who take insulin or some oral medications that cause the pancreas to produce insulin are usually prone to episodes of hypoglycemia.  This is especially true if they are attempting to keep their glucose level as close to normal as possible.  But, people in poor control can also have hypoglycemic reactions as they swing from high to low glucose levels.

False 

hypoglycemia is usually due to one of two causes. The first can be compared to an incorrectly programmed thermostat. If you usually keep your room at a steamy 85 degrees, 70 degrees might start to feel chilly.

People whose blood glucose is often high trick their body into thinking this is normal. If they rapidly bring their blood glucose into the normal range their bodies’ trigger the same autonomic and neurological warnings as if their blood glucose had fallen into the danger zone.

Gradually bringing yourself into better control will help accustom your body to lower blood glucose levels.

The other cause of pseudo-hypoglycemia occurs when glucose levels drop rapidly in a short time period. This can happen when exercising vigorously and can occur even in those in good control.

The first thing to do when you experience manifestations of hypoglycemia is to confirm the diagnosis with the use of your meter. If you really are in a danger zone, the appropriate treatment for low blood glucose is to take 15 grams of an easily absorbable carbohydrate, wait 15 minutes and then recheck.  If the glucose level hasn’t reached 80mg/dl then a second carbohydrate load is indicated.

But what should you do if your meter says 110 mg/dl and you have already checked twice? The first thing is to relax. Knowing you are not having a low blood glucose reaction and there is no urgency to do anything should help reduce your anxiety. And then you can decide if you are capable of “waiting it out” knowing you will feel better in time.

If that isn’t possible, then take a small amount of carbohydrate to relieve symptoms.  For example, you may decide to see if 5 grams of carbohydrate (the amount in one glucose tab or 1 teaspoon of sugar) will alleviate your discomfort without causing your blood glucose levels to skyrocket.

Type 2 Diabetes – Questions To Ask Your Doctor About Your Diabetes Diagnosis

It can be overwhelming when you first receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes. You will naturally have so many questions you definitely will want answered. The first thing to do is compile a list of questions you have for your doctor.

Even if you come up with questions of your own, make sure to include the following ten questions in your list:

1. How often will you need to monitor your blood sugar?

2. What type of diet and exercise changes will you need to make?

3. Will you need to take medicine? If so, what kind, how much, and how often? Will you need to stay on it forever, or increase the dosage? Will you ever need to change from oral medications to inject able insulin?

4. What are the signs and symptoms of low blood sugar? And high  blood sugar?

5. What should you do if your blood sugar rises or dips too much? At what levels do you want me to treat high or low blood sugar on my own? Who should I call when my blood sugar gets really high (for example 350 mg/dL or 19.4 mmol/L), or really low (for example lower than 50 mg/dL or 2.8 mmol/L)?

6. What is the glycemic index and how important is it?

7. What do you do if you want to eat out in a restaurant? Or at a friend’s home?

8. Is Type 2 diabetes for life?

9. What are some of the complications for someone diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes?

10. Are there any resources available to help with the cost of medication and necessary equipment for managing your diabetes?

Write down everything you think of. It might seem insignificant, but it could make a huge difference in your treatment. Diabetes is different between individuals. What may affect one person might be irrelevant for another. You have to treat your condition personally. It is best to never assume an answer.

Remember when you are asking your doctor questions, pay close attention to the responses. Make sure you fully understand the answers and if you don’t understand ask the doctor to clarify the answer for you.

You will also need to take the initiative and read everything that you can about your condition. The more information you have, the better you will be able to manage your condition. Information is power and it will give you a great measure of control over your health situation.

You will find you can live a healthy, enjoyable life if you have the necessary tools to effectively manage your Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is an illness full of choices. You can choose to eat well, exercise, and monitor your blood sugar in the hope one day you can manage it and control it without the use of medications. Or, you can ignore it and suffer from the consequences. It is all up to you.

TYPES OF DIABETES

TYPES OF DIABETES 

Type 1 diabetes is sometimes called insulin-dependent, immune-mediated or juvenile-onset diabetes. It is caused by an auto-immune reaction where the body’s defense  system attacks the insulin-producing cells. The reason why this occurs is not fully understood. People with type 1 diabetes produce very little or no insulin. The disease can affect people of any age, but usually occurs in children or young adults. People with this form of diabetes need injections of insulin every day in order to control the levels of glucose in their blood. If people with type 1 diabetes do not have access to insulin, they will die.

Type 2 diabetes accounts for at least 90% of all cases of diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes is sometimes called non-insulin dependent diabetes or adult-onset diabetes, and accounts for at least 90% of all cases of diabetes. It is characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, either of which may be present at the time that diabetes becomes clinically manifest. The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes usually occurs after the age of 40 but can occur earlier, especially in populations with high diabetes prevalence. Type 2 diabetes can remain undetected for many years and the diagnosis is often made from associated complications or incidentally through an abnormal blood or urine glucose test. It is often, but not always, associated with obesity, which itself can cause insulin resistance and lead to elevated blood glucose levels.

Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a form of diabetes consisting of high blood glucose levels during pregnancy. It develops in one in 25 pregnancies worldwide and is associated with complications in the period immediately before and after birth. GDM usually disappears after pregnancy but women with GDM and their offspring are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Approximately half of women with a history of GDM go on to develop type 2 diabetes within five to ten years after delivery.

Other specific types of diabetes also exist.

TYPES OF DIABETES

TYPES OF DIABETES

Type 1 diabetes is sometimes called insulin-dependent, immune-mediated or juvenile-onset diabetes. It is caused by an auto-immune reaction where the body’s defense  system attacks the insulin-producing cells. The reason why this occurs is not fully understood. People with type 1 diabetes produce very little or no insulin. The disease can affect people of any age, but usually occurs in children or young adults. People with this form of diabetes need injections of insulin every day in order to control the levels of glucose in their blood. If people with type 1 diabetes do not have access to insulin, they will die.

Type 2 diabetes accounts for at least 90% of all cases of diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes is sometimes called non-insulin dependent diabetes or adult-onset diabetes, and accounts for at least 90% of all cases of diabetes. It is characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, either of which may be present at the time that diabetes becomes clinically manifest. The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes usually occurs after the age of 40 but can occur earlier, especially in populations with high diabetes prevalence. Type 2 diabetes can remain undetected for many years and the diagnosis is often made from associated complications or incidentally through an abnormal blood or urine glucose test. It is often, but not always, associated with obesity, which itself can cause insulin resistance and lead to elevated blood glucose levels.

 

Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a form of diabetes consisting of high blood glucose levels during pregnancy. It develops in one in 25 pregnancies worldwide and is associated with complications in the period immediately before and after birth. GDM usually disappears after pregnancy but women with GDM and their offspring are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Approximately half of women with a history of GDM go on to develop type 2 diabetes within five to ten years after delivery.

Other specific types of diabetes also exist.